4,030 research outputs found
Low energy electron scattering from DNA and RNA bases: shape resonances and radiation damage
Calculations are carried out to determine elastic scattering cross sections
and resonance energies for low energy electron impact on uracil and on each of
the DNA bases (thymine, cytosine, adenine, guanine), for isolated molecules in
their equilibrium geometry. Our calculations are compared with available theory
and experiment. We also attempt to correlate this information with experimental
dissociation patterns through an analysis of the temporary anion structures
that are formed by electron capture in shape resonances.Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures, submitted to J. Chem. Phy
Design and Implementation of a Measurement-Based Policy-Driven Resource Management Framework For Converged Networks
This paper presents the design and implementation of a measurement-based QoS
and resource management framework, CNQF (Converged Networks QoS Management
Framework). CNQF is designed to provide unified, scalable QoS control and
resource management through the use of a policy-based network management
paradigm. It achieves this via distributed functional entities that are
deployed to co-ordinate the resources of the transport network through
centralized policy-driven decisions supported by measurement-based control
architecture. We present the CNQF architecture, implementation of the prototype
and validation of various inbuilt QoS control mechanisms using real traffic
flows on a Linux-based experimental test bed.Comment: in Ictact Journal On Communication Technology: Special Issue On Next
Generation Wireless Networks And Applications, June 2011, Volume 2, Issue 2,
Issn: 2229-6948(Online
Density-density functionals and effective potentials in many-body electronic structure calculations
We demonstrate the existence of different density-density functionals
designed to retain selected properties of the many-body ground state in a
non-interacting solution starting from the standard density functional theory
ground state. We focus on diffusion quantum Monte Carlo applications that
require trial wave functions with optimal Fermion nodes. The theory is
extensible and can be used to understand current practices in several
electronic structure methods within a generalized density functional framework.
The theory justifies and stimulates the search of optimal empirical density
functionals and effective potentials for accurate calculations of the
properties of real materials, but also cautions on the limits of their
applicability. The concepts are tested and validated with a near-analytic
model.Comment: five figure
Ecdysteroids: A novel class of anabolic agents?
Increasing numbers of dietary supplements with ecdysteroids are marketed as “natural anabolic agents”. Results of recent studies suggested that their anabolic effect is mediated by estrogen receptor (ER) binding. Within this study the anabolic potency of ecdysterone was compared to well characterized anabolic substances. Effects on the fiber sizes of the soleus muscle in rats as well the diameter of C2C12 derived myotubes were used as biological readouts. Ecdysterone exhibited a strong hypertrophic effect on the fiber size of rat soleus muscle that was found even stronger compared to the test compounds metandienone (dianabol), estradienedione (trenbolox), and SARM S 1, all administered in the same dose (5 mg/kg body weight, for 21 days). In C2C12 myotubes ecdysterone (1 µM) induced a significant increase of the diameter comparable to dihydrotestosterone (1 µM) and IGF 1 (1.3 nM). Molecular docking experiments supported the ERβ mediated action of ecdysterone. To clarify its status in sports, ecdysterone should be considered to be included in the class “S1.2 Other Anabolic Agents” of the list of prohibited substances of the World Anti-Doping Agency
Exact results for a charged, harmonically trapped quantum gas at arbitrary temperature and magnetic field strength
An analytical expression for the first-order density matrix of a charged,
two-dimensional, harmonically confined quantum gas, in the presence of a
constant magnetic field is derived. In contrast to previous results available
in the literature, our expressions are exact for any temperature and magnetic
field strength. We also present a novel factorization of the Bloch density
matrix in the form of a simple product with a clean separation of the
zero-field and field-dependent parts. This factorization provides an
alternative way of analytically investigating the effects of the magnetic field
on the system, and also permits the extension of our analysis to other
dimensions, and/or anisotropic confinement.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev.
Adiabatic connection at negative coupling strengths
The adiabatic connection of density functional theory (DFT) for electronic
systems is generalized here to negative values of the coupling strength
(with {\em attractive} electrons). In the extreme limit
a simple physical solution is presented and its implications
for DFT (as well as its limitations) are discussed. For two-electron systems (a
case in which the present solution can be calculated exactly), we find that an
interpolation between the limit and the opposite limit of
infinitely strong repulsion () yields a rather accurate
estimate of the second-order correlation energy E\cor\glt[\rho] for several
different densities , without using virtual orbitals. The same procedure
is also applied to the Be isoelectronic series, analyzing the effects of
near-degeneracy.Comment: 9 pages, submitted to PR
Optimized Effective Potentials in Finite Basis Sets
The finite basis optimized effective potential (OEP) method within density
functional theory is examined as an ill-posed problem. It is shown that the
generation of nonphysical potentials is a controllable manifestation of the use
of unbalanced, and thus unsuitable, basis sets. A modified functional
incorporating a regularizing smoothness measure of the OEP is introduced. This
provides a condition on balanced basis sets for the potential, as well as a
method to determine the most appropriate OEP potential and energy from
calculations performed with any finite basis set.Comment: 23 pages, 28 figure
Interactions and Broken Time-Reversal Symmetry in Chaotic Quantum Dots
When treating interactions in quantum dots within a RPA-like approach,
time-reversal symmetry plays an important role as higher-order terms -- the
Cooper series -- need to be included when this symmetry is present. Here we
consider model quantum dots in a magnetic field weak enough to leave the
dynamics of the dot chaotic, but strong enough to break time-reversal symmetry.
The ground state spin and addition energy for dots containing 120 to 200
electrons are found using local spin density functional theory, and we compare
the corresponding distributions with those derived from an RPA-like treatment
of the interactions. The agreement between the two approaches is very good,
significantly better than for analogous calculations in the presence of
time-reversal symmetry. This demonstrates that the discrepancies between the
two approaches in the time-reversal symmetric case indeed originate from the
Cooper channel, indicating that these higher-order terms might not be properly
taken into account in the spin density functional calculations.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Gaussian approximations for the exchange-energy functional of current-carrying states: Applications to two-dimensional systems
Electronic structure calculations are routinely carried out within the
framework of density-functional theory, often with great success. For electrons
in reduced dimensions, however, there is still a need for better approximations
to the exchange-correlation energy functional. Furthermore, the need for
properly describing current-carrying states represents an additional challenge
for the development of approximate functionals. In order to make progress along
these directions, we show that simple and efficient expressions for the
exchange energy can be obtained by considering the short-range behavior of the
one-body spin-density matrix. Applications to several two-dimensional systems
confirm the excellent performance of the derived approximations, and verify the
gauge-invariance requirement to be of great importance for dealing with
current-carrying states
Thermodynamic Limit and Decoherence: Rigorous Results
Time evolution operator in quantum mechanics can be changed into a
statistical operator by a Wick rotation. This strict relation between
statistical mechanics and quantum evolution can reveal deep results when the
thermodynamic limit is considered. These results translate in a set of theorems
proving that these effects can be effectively at work producing an emerging
classical world without recurring to any external entity that in some cases
cannot be properly defined. In a many-body system has been recently shown that
Gaussian decay of the coherence is the rule with a duration of recurrence more
and more small as the number of particles increases. This effect has been
observed experimentally. More generally, a theorem about coherence of bulk
matter can be proved. All this takes us to the conclusion that a well definite
boundary for the quantum to classical world does exist and that can be drawn by
the thermodynamic limit, extending in this way the deep link between
statistical mechanics and quantum evolution to a high degree.Comment: 5 pages, no figures. Contribution to proceedings of DICE 2006
(Piombino, Italy, September 11-15, 2006
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